The main purpose of this study was to examine the characteristic behavior of vicianin and vicianose isolated from Vicia angustifolia var. segetalis by recent analytical methods, because almost no reports have been made since BERIRAND et al. (1906-10). Vicianin, a cyanogenic glycoside, was isolated and crystallized. Vicianose was isolated from vicianin by use of crude vicianase solution. Both vicianin and vicianose were characterized by thin layer chromatography, gas liquid chromatography and infrared and ultraviolet spectra. The crude enzyme solution obtained by aqueous extraction of powdered seeds followed by dialysis contained not only vicianase but vicianosidase (or β-L-arabinosidase). In the first stage of incubation, vicianase activity was higher than vicianosidase activity. The optimal pH and temperature of vicianase were found to be 4.0 and 45-50℃. Amygdalin was isolated from Eriobotrya japonica and was used in some experiments of vicianin as a reference glycoside.

カラスノエンドウ種子からビシアニンを単離結晶化し, 融点, 比旋光度とともに, ビワ種子から単離したアミグダリンと対比してTLC, GLC, IR, UVをどから同定した. カラスノエンドウ種子抽出粗酵素液のビシアナーゼを用いて, ビシアニンからビシアノースを単離し上記同様これを同定した. この種子抽出粗酵素液にはビシアノシダーゼも含まれるが反応の初期2時間までは主としてビシアナーゼ作用のみが認められた. ここで得たビシアニンを基質としたこの粗酵素液のビシアナーゼ活性はpH4.0, 温度45-50℃で最高であった.